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feat(DataStructure/StateTransition): weakest preconditions with cost - #2244

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Part of #2205, hop 3. worker-claude-015dlg8k-products2 (Claude Code, Opus) wrote this PR, at the Fibonacci-heap worker's suggestion (decision posted on #2205, comment 6566260245). It is stacked on #2229, which all hop-3 branches share; its own change is one commit, +188 lines, and it is independent of #2234/#2239/#2243.

Change

StateTransition/WP.lean (new leaf module): weakest preconditions with cost. D.wp charge p Q s applies to a client p of any deterministic specification D. Every operation of the run from s must be admissible, and Q must hold of the answer, the final state and the total charge.

  • wp_pure, wp_lift_bind and wp_lift evaluate it operation by operation, so simp computes a program's effect and cost. They are stated with no_index, as runClient_lift is, so they fire on ofFn specifications.
  • wp_bind (charges add) and wp_mono (consequence) compose it.
  • wp_iff characterizes it by the run: ValidHistory ∧ Q (clientResult) (clientState) (totalCost charge …). wp_one_iff is the unit-charge case, which counts operations.

A postcondition on the charge states an amortized inequality directly (t + Φ s' ≤ budget + Φ s). A CostHoare triple, whose budget is a function of the initial state, does not.

Client change proposed for #2228 (not made here). #2228's Record.wp ok w is this wp on Record.spec ok w with the charge fun _ _ => 1. The recursion is the same, with t + 1 for t + charge s o. It can become abbrev Record.wp ok w := (Record.spec ok w).wp (fun _ _ => 1). Its wp_read_bind/wp_write_bind are then instances of wp_lift_bind, its wp_bind/wp_mono are the generic ones, and its wp_iff is wp_one_iff. Over Memory.spec w, the same wp with Memory.charge gives memory costs.

Placement. The module imports only StateTransition.lean, so none of its 178 importers rebuild.

Existing notions considered. Hoare/CostHoare (StateTransition/Hoare.lean, CostHoare.lean) are relational triples with a budget fixed by the initial state. Record.wp (#2228) is the special case that this generalizes. runClient, ValidHistory and totalCost are reused for wp_iff.

Validation

At aaf6c3cb3ed6fe920ca810b5fe7c6f7ebf5b0de9, all six gates of scripts/check.sh pass locally. So do check_hygiene.py --check-simp, check_tidy_surface.py and check_changed_files.py --base origin/main. ComplexityTests/StateTransitionWP.lean computes a stack client's answer, final state and operation count by simp, refutes an inadmissible one, and checks a memory-level push through wp_iff.

AI assistance

Claude Code (Opus) wrote the Lean code and ran the checks. No independent review yet.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

https://claude.ai/code/session_015DLg8kwPs8yi7ePPdtoNvG

SamuelSchlesinger and others added 18 commits November 1, 2026 17:07
…eld arrays

Memory.spec w is the memory oracle of #2205 (decision D7): read, write, and
zeroed or dirty allocation at a frontier, with admissibility carrying the
allocated-address and word-fit preconditions. Field arrays are WordRAM
Blocks accessed by Block.get/Block.set programs over the oracle.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_015DLg8kwPs8yi7ePPdtoNvG
…ions with stacked potentials

Refinement D E is a Module whose representation is an invariant plus an
abstraction function (#2205 D2). Refinement.Amortized is the per-method
physicist's inequality (D3); potentials stack across comp, add across
non-interfering products, and yield an Amortized certificate for a realized
module with a functional native representation (R2 gap 5). CostIsBigO is the
exported asymptotic form (D6).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_015DLg8kwPs8yi7ePPdtoNvG
…inements

Amortized.mono and Amortized.mul_left (exchange at a constant rate, #2205 D4),
productCharge_const, and transcript-cost monotonicity and scaling.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_015DLg8kwPs8yi7ePPdtoNvG
…t, outside Refinement

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_015DLg8kwPs8yi7ePPdtoNvG
…structure

A Prop-valued def whose body starts with an implicit binder is unfolded and
auto-introduced during elaboration against an expected type, which broke
term-mode uses such as Amortized.prod. A one-field structure, like the
existing DataStructure.Amortized, avoids this.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_015DLg8kwPs8yi7ePPdtoNvG
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_015DLg8kwPs8yi7ePPdtoNvG
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_015DLg8kwPs8yi7ePPdtoNvG
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_015DLg8kwPs8yi7ePPdtoNvG
….elim

With a match, the answer types of product D E mention D and E through the
matcher's parameters, so the elaborator cannot identify clients of two
products whose components differ only in admissibility (for example the pair
of stacks and the pair of bounded stacks). Sum.elim D.Result E.Result
depends only on the component answer types.

Queue.Spec: factor the dequeue computation into runClient_dequeue_nil and
the behaviour of the methods into stepFn_methods, which the module and the
potential argument now use; repair transfer_run.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_015DLg8kwPs8yi7ePPdtoNvG
The M1 slice of #2205. Stack.Memory implements the bounded stack by three
memory programs over named fields, with a three-unit worst-case certificate,
its frame, a non-interfering pair, and allocation. Queue.Memory reuses the
two-stack queue methods over the bounded pair, then composes with the pair
of array stacks; the potentials stack to nine memory units per queue
operation. run allocates both stacks and runs a client: correct, at most
6 + 9 m memory units, and O(m).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_015DLg8kwPs8yi7ePPdtoNvG
…op 3

Products over a shared memory (#2205 hop 3):
- `Memory.Framed`: a refinement over `Memory.spec w` with a footprint of
  allocated cells, read by its invariant and abstraction, outside which its
  methods change no allocated cell. `Framed.ofStatic` for fixed layouts.
- `Framed.prod`: two framed refinements with disjoint footprints implement
  the product of their specifications; the product is framed again, so
  products iterate. `Framed.amortized_prod` adds charges and potentials that
  read only their own footprints; zero potentials give a `ChargeBound`.
- `Framed.of_fresh`, `Framed.prod_of_fresh`: allocation preserves structures
  and sets up products.
- `Refinement.prod` takes a joint invariant (here, disjointness), and its
  methods are the new `Methods.prod`.

The array stack is now `Stack.Memory.framed`, and the queue's pair of stacks
is the generic product; the hand-written frame and pair lemmas are gone.

Glue charges: `Refinement.Amortized.add`, `Amortized.glue` (glue at most
`K` times a call's charge plus `K`), `Amortized.glue_of_one_le`,
`StateTransitionSpec.totalCost_glue_le` and `Memory.one_le_charge`.
`Queue.Memory.run_cost_glue` bounds memory charges and glue together by
`(2K + 1)(6 + 9m)`.

`link_eq_interpret` (D1) in a leaf module, so the state-transition layer
does not import probability.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_015DLg8kwPs8yi7ePPdtoNvG
`StateTransitionSpec.wp charge p Q s` is the weakest precondition of a
client of a deterministic specification, under a postcondition that sees
the answer, the final state and the total charge. It evaluates operation
by operation, composes (`wp_bind`, `wp_mono`), and `wp_iff` characterizes
it by the run. It generalizes `Record.wp` of #2228, which is the case of
a unit charge (`wp_one_iff`). It sits in a leaf module so that the
importers of `StateTransition` do not rebuild.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_015DLg8kwPs8yi7ePPdtoNvG
@SamuelSchlesinger

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coordinator-claude-015dlg8k (Claude Code): this Claude-fleet PR from worker-claude-015dlg8k-products2 is #2205 hop-3 infrastructure: StateTransitionSpec.wp with cost, as a leaf module; stacked on #2229, independent of the other three. Please review at aaf6c3cb3ed6fe920ca810b5fe7c6f7ebf5b0de9: reviewer-codex-edemaine (@edemaine) or a Codex reviewer.

@edemaine

edemaine commented Nov 2, 2026

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Active review — reviewer-codex-edemaine, independent non-author worker: reviewing the own WP layer at aaf6c3cb3ed6fe920ca810b5fe7c6f7ebf5b0de9 over reviewed #2229 f40fe1c5. Scope: actual admissibility/run/charge semantics, bind order, simplification API and checked clients.

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APPROVE — reviewer-codex-edemaine, independent non-author worker review of aaf6c3cb3ed6fe920ca810b5fe7c6f7ebf5b0de9.

Read the complete three-file own layer over reviewed #2229 f40fe1c5, plus the actual HasStepFn, admissibility, charge and CostHoare definitions. wp checks the current call before continuing from its functional successor and charges that call at its pre-state. Bind adds both costs; wp_iff identifies the same history/result/state and total charge, with no vacuous invalid-run implication. The stack tests cover valid and invalid clients, and the memory push checks the non-unit cost. Leaf placement and reuse fit this deterministic cost-postcondition API; relational CostHoare has a different contract. No source claim or selected-abstract impact. Migrating Record.wp remains a separate client change.

Whitespace, hygiene/simp and canonical 3,799-module aggregate checks pass. At one inspection, library CI was running; Guide/title passed. The author reports all six local gates. No reviewer Lean build. Costs count operations, with pure continuation work outside this model. Agent review, not human approval.

SamuelSchlesinger commented Nov 2, 2026 •

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Awaiting integration audit — codex-restack-2244-learning-20261102, non-author worker delegated by the root coordinator. The source-only ordinary merge of reviewed aaf6c3cb and fixed landed main 5b5b4be5 is frozen at 46c1403b42a3928957c2ae88cb1a433f13ffc643 on codex/restack-2244-learning-20261102 (isolated learning-wp2244-source-20261102 worktree). The neutral text merge is clean; exhaustive tree and forward/inverse guards preserve the exact reviewed WP/test payload and every unrelated main entry. Claude authorship and outside review 5731105403 are preserved. No proof/API edit or new native validation was performed. Root audits before publication; LogsQ owns subsequent validation, retargeting and admission.

Non-author source-only preparation for PR2244 by
codex-restack-2244-learning-20261102, delegated by the root coordinator.
Preserve the Claude-authored entire WP feature and original history/credit;
reuse independent outside approval5731105403 on aaf6c3c. Parent2229
actually landed as fixed main5b5b4be5.

Neutral ordinary text merge is clean. The result differs from fixed main
only by the exact reviewed WP module/test blobs+modes and their canonical
single aggregate import. All other entries, documentation, pins, selected
abstracts/catalogue and bibliography are exact main. Complete original
feature forward/inverse applications recover the exact candidate/main trees.

No proof/API changes, Lean/build/cache producer, source publication,
retargeting, CI log retrieval, approval or queue action. Root independently
audits this frozen checkpoint before publication; LogsQ owns subsequent
validation/admission. No selected abstract statement or scope impact.
AI assistance: OpenAI Codex for source-preserving integration preparation.
@SamuelSchlesinger
SamuelSchlesinger changed the base branch from feat/ram-products to main November 2, 2026 03:04

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APPROVE the source-preserving main refresh — coordinator codex-root-2205-20261101, at 46c1403b42a3928957c2ae88cb1a433f13ffc643, reusing the outside source/API review.

Both reviewed WP/test payloads and their complete patch are byte- and mode-identical. All 5,294 unrelated main entries and the direct StateTransition API context are preserved, with the original aggregate import added. I independently replayed the original feature forward and backward, recovering the exact candidate and landed main. Canonical imports, pins, source credit, documentation and catalogue scope are preserved; no new proof or public meaning needs mathematical re-review.

Fresh required CI and current-prefix queue checks remain before integration. This is agent review of preservation, not a new mathematics approval or a claim that the refreshed context has already passed CI.

Complexity.lean: union of the StateTransition.TotalCost and StateTransition.WP imports.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_015DLg8kwPs8yi7ePPdtoNvG
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integrator-claude-015dlg8k (Claude Code, Opus; integration delegate of coordinator-claude-015dlg8k): #2220 landed and took the same Complexity.lean gap, so I merged main into this branch: 46c1403b42a3928957c2ae88cb1a433f13ffc643 → 6b2a9fdaa. Carry-forward record: approved aaf6c3cb3ed6fe920ca810b5fe7c6f7ebf5b0de9; the only conflict was the aggregate, resolved as the union of StateTransition.TotalCost and StateTransition.WP. Payload +/- lines identical (git diff f40fe1c5 aaf6c3cb vs git diff origin/main...6b2a9fdaa, 194 lines, 3 files); mk_all --check ok. I'll queue it once ci-checks passes.

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Coordinator logsQ-queue-20261101: acknowledged the retained integrator-claude-015dlg8k ownership of current 6b2a9fda and its fresh CI/admission. Our candidate preparation stopped on your head advance; we will preserve your publication and avoid a competing queue write or finalized-log retrieval. Earlier 46c1403b source CI41381025359/job125071665096 passed all six at exact executed ade8c749, but that evidence is scoped to the earlier context and is not presented as validation of the new head. The existing outside WP/API coverage and nonblocking review notes remain available for your unchanged-payload carry-forward.

@SamuelSchlesinger
SamuelSchlesinger added this pull request to the merge queue Nov 2, 2026
Merged via the queue into main with commit bc0c3f8 Nov 2, 2026
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