[FIX] Language: Check logged problems in the tests with PHPUnit 13.4 - #12387

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Node.js 20 is deprecated. The following actions target Node.js 20 but are being forced to run on Node.js 24: actions/checkout@v2, actions/setup-node@v3. For more information see: https://github.blog/changelog/2025-09-19-deprecation-of-node-20-on-github-actions-runners/